Downy mildew caused by Peronospora farinosa is the most damaging disease of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa), an ancient Andean grain crop. The disease has been reported from all areas of quinoa cultivation. In the Andean highlands, it is considered…
2000-2004
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Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) is a hardy and nutritious Latin American pseudo-cereal. Studies on the seeds led to the isolation of five ecdysteroids using column chromatography. Their structures were determined as ecdysterone, makisterone A,…
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The distribution of minerals in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) seed was examined using energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDX) in combination with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Phosphorus, K, and Mg coincided in localization in…
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Quinoa is a highly nutritious food product, being cultivated for several thousands years in South America, with an outstanding protein quality and a high content of a range of vitamins and minerals. Other positive aspects of quinoa are the saponins…
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The proximate analysis, evaluation of nutritionally valuable minerals, sugars, chemical properties of the oil and functional properties of the seed flour of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) were studied. The results showed that the quinoa flour contained…
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Physical properties of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) seeds were determined as a function of moisture content. In the moisture range from to 4.6 to 25.8% dry basis, the 1000-seed mass increased from to 2.5 to 3.1 g, the sphericity from 0.77 to…
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Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) and kanñiwa (Chenopodium pallidicaule Aellen) are native food plants of high nutritional value grown in the Andean region and used as food by the Incas and previous cultures. Quinoa and kañiwa served as a…
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Twelve triterpene saponins have been isolated from the debittered seeds of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa), and their structures were characterized on the basis of hydrolysis and spectral data, especially NMR evidence. Among them, three compounds,…
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In 1955, the area of production of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) and cañiwa (Chenopodium pallidicaule Aellen) was 32,605 has and the yield was 35,995 t o f grain, giving an average yield of 1104 kg/ha (Ministry of Agriculture, 1955). In 1996,…
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ABSTRACT Six flavonol glycosides have been isolated from quinoa seeds (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) via normal phase and reverse phase column chromatography. On the basis of spectral data, their structures were established as kaempferol…
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Quinoa has been identified as a promising source of food. Reports in the literature have focused mainly on agronomic potential, composition, nature of the starch and protein quality. Other aspects related with drying and storing of quinoa seed have…
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Quinoa ( Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is an important seed crop for human consumption in the Andean region of South America. It is the primary staple in areas too arid or saline for the major cereal crops. The objective of this project was to build…
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Whole quinoa grain was separated into bran and milled grain, and the milled grain into perisperm and embryo. The proximate composition of the milled grain was similar to that of whole grain. The protein and lipid content of the embryo was 57% of…
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Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is a staple crop of the Altiplano of the high Andean region, up to 4000 m above sea level, which provides a highly nutritive food for the local and urban population, under adverse climatic conditions of frequent…
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Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to analyse the effect of temperature, screw speed, and feed moisture content on physicochemical properties of quinoa extrudates. A three-level, three-variable, Box-Behnken design of experiments was used.…
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A major impediment to expanding production of the traditional pseudocereal quinoa outside its Andean center of origin is the high level of grain saponin in early-maturing daylength-neutral lines which can be grown at higher latitudes. Screening of…
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Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoaWilld.) has been cultivated in the Andean region for thousands of years, providing highly nutritious food to poor farmers in the Andes. The conditions for crop growth are very difficult in the high region of the Andes,…
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The effects of soil drying on leaf water relations and gas exchange were studied in quinoa grown in pots with sandy soil and in lysimeter plots with sandy loam in the field. Midday values of leaf water potential (??1), leaf osmotic potential…
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Six triterpenoid saponins were isolated from the seeds of Chenopodium quinoa (Chenopodiaceae). Their structures were as follows: phytolaccagenic acid 3-O-[alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1' '-->3')-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl]-28-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside…
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The objective of this work was to assess the performance of mixtures of corn and quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) flours in the development of a spaghetti-type product. Cooking quality (loss of solids, volume increase, weight increase), texture…
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Quinoa possesses remarkable characteristics in terms of its productive potential and eco-geographical adaptation (0 to 4000 msnm; 200 to 1000 mm of rainfall; ?1 to 35°C, and short to (neutral) photoperiod). The market potential is large, and quinoa…
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A traditional crop of the Andes, quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.), has generated increased interest among farmers, agroindustries, and national and international research institutions in Peru, due to its nutritive value and ability to adapt to a…
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Effects of radiation on the phyllochron of nine quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) cultivars growing under field conditions were quantified. Rate of change of photoperiod had no effect on phyllochron. Radiation responses differed markedly between…
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Abstract Cytological evidence suggests the Andean grain crop quinoa is an allotetraploid, but in the few genetic studies which have been published a functionally diploid (disomic-monogenic) model has been assumed for segregation at individual loci…
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Seeds of the Andean seed crop quinoa usually contain saponins in the seed coat. Saponins give a bitter taste sensation and are a serious antinutritional factor. Therefore selection of sweet genotypes with a very low saponin content in the seeds is a…
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The structures and physicochemical properties of storage starches from quinoa, barley and adzuki seeds were investigated and compared in this study. The median size of the starches were 1.0 ??m for quinoa, 17.5 ??m for barley and 33.0 ??m for…
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Knowledge of factors controlling leaf appearance is important for understanding climatic adaptation of a plant species. For quinoa (Chenopodium quinoaWilld.) we show that both temperature and photoperiod control the rate of leaf appearance. Minimum…
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Proteins of quinoa and roasted-quinoa flours were fractionated and analyzed. The protein content of the flours was 11.7-12.5%(w/w). In quinoa flour, water-soluble protein (albumin) and NaCl-soluble protein (globulin) constituted 28.5%(w/w) and…
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At least 16 saponins were detected in the seeds of Chenopodium quinoa. The 5 previously isolated major saponins, 3-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl oleanolic acid 28-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester, 3-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl hederagenin…
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Seven triterpenoid saponins were isolated from the seeds of "kancolla", a sweet variety of Chenopodium quinoa. Their structures were phytolaccagenic acid 3-O-[alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1'… -
Crops that have been cultivated in the Andean region for thousands of years have a high level of resistance to drought, frost, salinity, pests, and diseases, and have only been little improved over the years. The Andean crops, which include grains,…
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Low temperature represents one of the principal limitations in species distribution and crop productivity. Responses to chilling include the accumulation of simple carbohydrates and changes in enzymes involved in their metabolism. Soluble…
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Composition and amino acid profiles of seeds from garden orach (Atriplex hortensis) and sweet quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd. ‘Surumi’) were compared with bitter quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.). Protein content was 14.8 and 15.7% for sweet and…
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The size and nature of the genotype (G) and genotype??environment (G??E) interaction effects for grain yield, its physiological determinants, and grain size exhibited by the Andean grain crop quinoa at low latitudes were examined in a…
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Salt tolerance mechanisms were studied in two varieties of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.), and in one variety of amaranth (Amaranthus caudatus L.). The experiment was conducted in pots in a greenhouse at CIP, Lima, Peru. The amaranth…
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Amaranth and quinoa are protein-rich pseudocereals and may be used as an alternative source for non-allergenic food products. Seed composition of amaranth (Amaranthus spp.) and quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) varieties produced under Northern…
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A wide range of quinoa pests are known throughout the world. The most serious of the Andean pests are Eurysacca melanocampta(Meyrick) and E. quinoaePovoln? (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), found mainly in Peru and Bolivia, which cause considerable yield…
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Experiments conducted under controlled environments and using nine quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) cultivars, the origin of which ranged from Colombia to southern Chile, demonstrated that all cultivars have a facultative short day response for…
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Chenopodium quinoa Wild. and Amaranthus caudatus L., two plant species from South America, have small and numerous chromosomes. Looking for chromosome markers to distinguish pairs of homologous chromosomes double fluorescence staining, in situ…
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Mining, smelting, land applications of sewage sludge, the use of fungicides containing copper (Cu), and other human activities have led to widespread soil enrichment and contamination with Cu and potentially toxic conditions. Biochar (BC) can adsorb…
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Heterothallism in Peronospora farinosa f.sp. chenopodii, the causal agent of downy mildew of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) is reported for the first time. Downy mildew is the most important disease of this crop in the Andean region. Eight…
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To determine the genetic diversity of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.), the crop's morphological traits and agronomic performance were evaluated during 1992-1993 and 1993-1994, using germplasm preserved in Bolivia and IBPGR descriptors as modified…
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The abundance of insect pests and natural enemies in two varieties of quinua, Chenopodium quinoa (Blancade Jun.Ln and Amarilla de Marangan.L) throughout the growing season in the Southern Peruvian Andes is described. Thequinua varieties differ,…
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At least 16 saponins were detected in the seeds of Chenopodium quinoa. The 5 previously isolated major saponins, 3-O-?-d-glucuronopyranosyl oleanolic acid 28-O-?-d-glucopyranosyl ester, 3-O-α-l-arabinopyranosyl hederagenin 28-O-?-d-glucopyranosyl…
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Se evaluó el efecto de la fertilización nitrogenada sobre algunas propiedades físico-químicas y térmicas del almidón, contenido del proteína y rendimiento de proteína ha-1 de los genotipos de quinoa Faro y UDEC10. Se aplicó salitre sódico en dosis…
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Six triterpenoid saponins were isolated from the edible grain quinoa, which is seeds of Chenopodium quinoa (Chenopodiaceae). Following are their structures: phytolaccagenic acid 3-O-[alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1'…
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We assessed the relative influence of drought or salinity stress with similar soil water potentials on growth, plant water relations, and photosynthesis rate of Chenopodium quinoa Willd., as well as the suitability of common techniques used in…
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Bird pests of quinua (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) and control measures in central Peru. Reo. per. Ent. 43.-Birds often cause severe losses in agricultura1 fields in the central part of the Andes in Peru, especially in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa…
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UV-B radiation (280-320 nm) is harmful to living organisms and has detrimental effects on plant growth, development and physiology. In this work we examined some mechanisms involved in plant responses to UV-B radiation. Seedlings of quinoa…
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Globodera spp., Nacobbus aberrans, and Thecavermiculatus andinus are nematodes that cause significant damage to Andean crops. They belong to different genera and species and, therefore differ in terms of their morphology, biology, and host-parasite…
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Characteristics of dough and bread containing quinoa flour as a new foodstuff were studied using a rheometer, a farinograph, differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and so on. Substitution of 7.5 to 10% of quinoa flour for hard-type wheat flour…
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Chenopodium quinoa, conocida comúnmente como quinua, es una quenopodiácea de alto valor nutritivo, que en los últimos años ha adquirido importancia económica por la demanda local y mundial. Uno de los principales problemas con los que se enfrentaron…
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Seven disease assessment methods to measure severity of downy mildew (Peronospora farinosa f.sp. chenopodii) were tested in eight cultivars of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) in two field experiments in Peru, one at low (Lima) and one at high (Huancayo)…
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Starches from garden orach (Atriplex hortensis) and sweet quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd. 'Surumi') seeds were isolated, examined for compositional characteristics, and compared with bitter quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) starch. Garden orach…
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Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is an ancestral crop from the Andes of South America. Its high-energy and nutritional value content makes this crop very suitable for food. Germination of quinoa seed remains a problem. In the present work…
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Knowledge of factors controlling leaf appearance is important for understanding climatic adaptation of a plant species. For quinoa (<i>Chenopodium quinoa</i> Willd.) we show that both temperature and photoperiod control the rate of leaf appearance.…
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For a better understanding of the inheritance of seed yield traits in Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) Willd., a half-diallelic crossing experiment with six diverse but uniform breeding lines was conducted. True hybrid plants were detected by means of…
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Time-course and in situ hybridization analyses were used to study the spatio-temporal distribution of Carnation mottle virus (CarMV) in Chenopodium quinoa plants. Genomic and subgenomic RNAs of plus polarity accumulated linearly with time, whereas…
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Net photosynthetic rate, radiation use efficiency, chlorophyll (Chl) fluorescence, photochemical reflectance index (PRI), and leaf water potential were measured during a 25-d period of progressive water deficit in quinoa plants grown in a glasshouse…
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Heterothallism in Peronospora farinosa f.sp. chenopodii, the causal agent of downy mildew of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) is reported for the first time. Downy mildew is the most important disease of this crop in the Andean region. Eight…
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Chenopodium quinoa plants inoculated with carnation mottle virus developed chlorotic local lesions restricted to the inoculated leaf when grown in a growth chamber under 25ºC day/18ºC night. In contrast, when plants were grown in a greenhouse under…
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An infant food product was manufactured by drum drying a pre-cooked slurry of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa, Willd) flour. The chemical composition shows that the product is a potential source of valuable nutrients, like protein (16%), vitamin E (19…
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Primer Taller Internacional sobre Quinua- Recursos Genéticos y Sistemas de Producción
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Peronospora farinosa f.sp. chenopodii causes downy mildew in quinoa, an ancient, nutritious seed crop from the Andean highlands. Downy mildew is the most important disease of quinoa in the Andes. Hundred and twenty-eight seed samples of quinoa from…
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This paper describes a method for the direct, real time measurement of fungal biomass during a novel solid substrate food fermentation of Quinoa grains (Chenopodium quinoa Willd). The technique is based on the dielectric behaviour of living cells…
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Le système agraire traditionnel aymara a permis aux populations de l’altiplano bolivien de mettre en valeur un milieu hostile (aridité, fortes gelées…) et fragile afin de leur assurer une subsistance durable. La gestion communautaire des ressources…